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Weimaraner

Weimaraner
Photo: Rufus46 / CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia

57 Weimaraners in the atlas. Every number on this page has a source.

Population-genetic snapshot of Weimaraners in the Sniff Atlas, source-graded Mendelian carrier frequencies from Donner 2023, and nutrition guidance tied to the genetic findings above.

Also known as Grey Ghost, Vorstehhund, Weim, and Weimaraner (Vorstehhund).

See in the atlas → From CanVAS
The plain version

Weimaraners come from a somewhat limited gene pool, meaning there's a bit less variety in their genetics compared to some other breeds. They are medium-large dogs, usually weighing around 72 lb, and often live about 13 years. Their unique look and size make them stand out, and they share some traits with breeds like the Irish Water Spaniel and Brittany. Some health conditions, like Craniomandibular Osteopathy and Hyperuricosuria, have been found in their gene pool, so it’s a good idea to talk with your vet about genetic testing to keep your dog healthy.

What the atlas says about Weimaraner

In the atlas, the Weimaraner clusters consistently as Weimaraner (100% of the 57 dogs here). At the trait loci, STC2 runs lower than average (36% here vs 74%); LCORL runs lower than average (46% here vs 83%). Dogs here sit in a relatively sparse region of the atlas, fewer close neighbors than typical.

Ranks 14 of 107 on the bottleneck severity scale, well into the upper quartile of population contraction. Low breed predictability score (0.21), individual dogs of this breed vary widely in genetics, suggesting active substructure or sub-population diversity.

Median lifespan is 12.8 years, slightly longer than expected for the breed size (32.5 kg).

Genetic dimensions · CanVAS atlas

What the genome says about Weimaraner

Computed from the 18,477 research dogs in the Atlas.

Dogs in the Atlas
57Founders
25 from Hayward2016, 11 from Shannon, 10 from Spatola
Genetic diversity
0.25Tight
Mean heterozygosity across the breed. Ranks 14th most genetically tight of 107 ranked breeds.
What does genetic diversity mean?

How varied a breed's gene pool is — the share of gene spots where a typical dog of the breed carries two different versions rather than two identical ones.

How to read it: Higher = more diverse. Among well-sampled breeds it ranges roughly 0.22 (least diverse) to 0.33 (most diverse).

Diversity is a strength, not a verdict on any individual dog. Lower diversity means it's worth paying attention to recessive-risk testing — not that a dog is doomed.

Cluster structure
Splits into two genetic sub-populations
Intra-breed RMS distance: 46.48 · likely working/show-line, regional, or kennel lineage split.
What does within-breed variation mean?

How much individual dogs within the breed differ from each other genetically.

How to read it: Higher = more internal variety among individuals of the breed.

Sensitive to how many dogs of the breed we've sampled.

Related breeds
Gave rise to
In the Sporting group
Explore the full lineage map →
VBO foundation stock (breeding records) · AKC breed group
Relatedness is documented lineage + kennel family. Genetic-ancestry distance measures diversity, not kinship, so it isn't used here.
How long they live
12.8years (life expectancy)
95% CI 12.6–13 · VetCompass, McMillan 2024, n=2,990. source
What does typical lifespan mean?

The median age dogs of the breed tend to reach.

How to read it: Higher = longer-lived. Compare to longevity-for-size to see whether it's just a size effect.

Drawn from population lifespan records; individual dogs vary widely with care, genetics, and luck.

Trait genetics
Allele frequencies at named morphology loci

Frequency of the alternate allele in this breed at each locus's representative SNP.

Body size
IGF129%
HMGA243%
SMAD273%
LCORL47%
STC236%
ADAMTS1731%
Leg length
FGF4·CFA1888%
FGF4·CFA1290%
Coat
RSPO230%
FGF556%
KRT7182%
MC1R98%
Ear set
MSRB367%
Skull shape
BMP379%
SMOC295%
n = 57 dogs · high confidence · CanVAS (Brundage 2026) · Sniff Atlas
Names & origins

Other names

The Weimaraner is also recorded as Grey Ghost, Vorstehhund, Weim, and Weimaraner (Vorstehhund).

Identified as Weimaraner (VBO:0201401) in the Vertebrate Breed Ontology (Mullen et al. 2025, CC-BY 4.0) · registry IDs FCI 99 · iDog 252 · VeNom 15122.

What you see when you look at a Weimaraner

What does the genome say about how a Weimaraner looks?

Weimaraners look the way they do because of a small set of fixed and near-fixed morphology genes that, taken together, define the visible breed. Each translation below pairs the gene with the trait an owner actually sees, the breed's allele frequency at that locus, and a one-clause causal phrase.

Where the breed-defining genes act, mapped on a generic dog-body key — and how fixed each marker is in the Weimaraner. The figure is the most-settled marker we read in that region; the full per-locus panel is below. (The silhouette is a shared anatomical guide, not this breed's outline.)

Body sizeSMAD2 · 73%Skull shapeSMOC2 · 95%EarsMSRB3 · 67%Leg lengthFGF4 CFA12 · 90%Coat & colorMC1R · 98%
CanVAS trait-locus panel (Brundage 2026)
15 morphology markers read across 5 regions. Allele frequency = how fixed a marker is in this breed, not whether your dog carries it.

Size and build

IGF1 is at 29% for the small-body allele, leaving the breed firmly in the larger end of the dog body-size spectrum.

IGF1what this gene does

IGF1 is a gene that plays a key role in determining a dog's body size. It influences how much a dog grows, affecting overall stature.

For your dog: Knowing about IGF1 gives you insight into your dog's size traits, but it’s just one part of the bigger picture when it comes to their health and care.

Full IGF1 gene page →

HMGA2 sits at 43%. HMGA2 is a chromosome-10 size locus that acts together with IGF1, and intermediate frequencies reflect partial commitment to the dominant size variant.

HMGA2what this gene does

HMGA2 is a gene that influences body size in dogs, helping determine how big or small a dog grows.

For your dog: Knowing about HMGA2 helps you appreciate the genetic factors behind your dog's size, but it doesn't signal any health issues.

Full HMGA2 gene page →

SMAD2 sits at 73% at the chromosome-7 height locus.

SMAD2what this gene does

SMAD2 is a gene involved in regulating body size by influencing how cells grow and develop.

For your dog: Knowing about SMAD2 helps understand your dog's size traits but isn't linked to health issues; no immediate action needed.

Full SMAD2 gene page →

LCORL sits at 47% at the NCAPG/LCORL height locus on chromosome 3.

LCORLwhat this gene does

LCORL is a gene that influences body size in dogs. It helps determine how big or small a dog might grow.

For your dog: Knowing about LCORL helps you appreciate the genetic factors behind your dog's size, but it’s just one piece of the bigger picture when it comes to health and care.

Full LCORL gene page →

STC2 sits at 36%.

ADAMTS17 sits at 31%. ADAMTS17 is a body-size locus also linked to lens disorders.

ADAMTS17what this gene does

ADAMTS17 is a gene that influences body size and also plays a role in certain eye conditions. It affects the structure of tissues in the eye and elsewhere in the body.

For your dog: If your dog belongs to a breed known to carry ADAMTS17 variants, it’s worth discussing genetic testing and eye exams with your vet to stay ahead of potential issues.

Full ADAMTS17 gene page →

Leg length

The FGF4 retrogene on chromosome 18 is near-fixed in this breed at 88%. This is the leg-length variant. The breed is fully committed to the long-legged form rather than the short-legged Corgi-and-Dachshund body plan.

The FGF4 retrogene on chromosome 12 is near-fixed at 90%, the chondrodystrophic variant associated with intervertebral disc disease risk in breeds that carry it.

Coat type, length, and color

RSPO2 is at 30% for the furnishings allele. The breed does not carry the eyebrows-and-mustache pattern of Wheatens, Schnauzers, or wire-haired terriers.

RSPO2what this gene does

RSPO2 influences the texture and appearance of a dog's coat, particularly the presence of 'furnishings' like mustaches and eyebrows. It helps determine whether a dog has that distinctive wiry or textured look.

For your dog: If your dog has those wiry eyebrows or a mustache, RSPO2 is part of the reason—no health worries, just a coat feature worth knowing about.

Full RSPO2 gene page →

FGF5 sits at 56% for the long-coat variant. Coat length is influenced by other loci as well, so intermediate FGF5 frequencies do not always correspond to intermediate visible coat lengths.

FGF5what this gene does

FGF5 is a gene that influences the length of a dog's coat. It acts like a natural switch, telling hair follicles when to stop growing longer fur.

For your dog: If your dog has a notably long or short coat, FGF5 is likely part of the reason—no action needed, but it’s a neat genetic detail to know.

Full FGF5 gene page →

KRT71 sits at 82% for the wavy/curly variant. Coat curl varies across individuals at this intermediate frequency, and visible expression is also influenced by modifier loci.

KRT71what this gene does

KRT71 is a gene that influences the curliness of a dog's coat. It helps determine whether a dog's fur is straight or has a distinctive curl.

For your dog: If your dog has a curly coat, KRT71 is likely part of the reason; it’s a natural variation, not a health concern.

Full KRT71 gene page →

MC1R is at 98% at the representative SNP. MC1R controls the switch between red-to-gold and black-to-brown pigment, with the e/e homozygous genotype producing the gold-to-red spectrum by blocking eumelanin (black and brown pigment).

MC1Rwhat this gene does

MC1R is a gene that influences coat color in dogs, affecting how pigments are produced in the fur.

For your dog: Knowing about MC1R gives insight into your dog's coat color but doesn't relate to health issues.

Full MC1R gene page →

Ears

MSRB3 sits at 67% for the drop-ear allele, which is why ear set varies across the breed.

MSRB3what this gene does

MSRB3 is a gene involved in the development of ear shape and structure in dogs.

For your dog: Understanding MSRB3 helps explain why your dog's ears look the way they do, but it isn't linked to any health issues.

Full MSRB3 gene page →

Skull shape

BMP3 sits at 79%, contributing to the breed's moderate, mesaticephalic head shape rather than the extreme brachycephalic form.

BMP3what this gene does

BMP3 is a gene that influences the shape of a dog's skull, particularly contributing to a shorter, broader head shape known as brachycephaly.

For your dog: If your dog has a broad, short skull, it's worth discussing with your vet how this might impact their health, even though BMP3 isn't directly tied to illness.

Full BMP3 gene page →

SMOC2 is at 95%, the major locus contributing to the breed's brachycephalic face shape.

SMOC2what this gene does

SMOC2 influences the shape of a dog's skull, particularly affecting how flat or short the face appears.

For your dog: If your dog has a short nose, it's worth discussing with your vet how this trait might impact their health over time.

Full SMOC2 gene page →
Mendelian-disease genetics

What genetic diseases do Weimaraners carry?

From a panel of 250 Mendelian-disease variants screened in 1,054,293 dogs (Donner et al. 2023), Weimaraners carry 8 of them at observable frequency. Carrier frequency is not clinical risk. Most recessive variants require two copies for disease expression; many dominant variants show incomplete penetrance. Read this as a population fingerprint of what's in the gene pool, not a per-dog prediction.

Craniomandibular Osteopathy (Discovered in the Weimaraner; CMO)
Autosomal dominant
high 16.1%
n = 28 dogs · 1 variant tested · OMIA:000236-9615 · omia.org →
Hyperuricosuria (HUU)
Autosomal recessive
moderate 14.6%
n = 647 dogs · 1 variant tested · OMIA:001033-9615 · omia.org →
SLC2A9what this gene does

SLC2A9 is a gene that helps regulate uric acid levels in a dog's body. It plays a role in how the kidneys handle this substance.

For your dog: If your dog is one of the breeds known to carry this gene variant, it’s worth discussing with your vet to understand any potential urinary health concerns.

Cone-Rod Dystrophy (cord1-PRA/crd4)
Autosomal recessive (Incomplete penetrance)
low 6.7%
n = 646 dogs · 1 variant tested · OMIA:001432-9615 · omia.org →
RPGRIP1what this gene does

RPGRIP1 is a gene involved in the function of photoreceptor cells in the eye, which help dogs see in different light conditions.

For your dog: If your dog belongs to a breed known to carry RPGRIP1 mutations, it’s worth discussing with your vet to understand the risks and monitor eye health.

Hypomyelination (Discovered in the Weimaraner)
Autosomal recessive
low 0.93%
n = 647 dogs · 1 variant tested · OMIA:000526-9615 · omia.org →
Chondrodystrophy and Intervertebral Disc Disease Risk (CDDY)
Autosomal dominant
low 0.47%
n = 645 dogs · 1 variant tested · OMIA:000157-9615 · omia.org →
FGF4what this gene does

FGF4 influences leg length by affecting bone growth, leading to shorter legs in certain breeds.

For your dog: If your dog is from a breed known to carry this gene, it's worth discussing spinal health with your vet, but being a carrier doesn’t guarantee problems.

Degenerative Myelopathy (DM)
Autosomal recessive (Incomplete penetrance)
low 0.31%
n = 647 dogs · 1 variant tested · OMIA:000263-9615 · omia.org →
SOD1what this gene does

SOD1 is a gene that helps protect cells from damage caused by harmful molecules called free radicals.

For your dog: If your dog is a carrier of SOD1 variants, it's worth discussing with your vet, but remember carrier status doesn't mean your dog will get the disease.

Exercise-Induced Collapse (EIC)
Autosomal recessive (Incomplete penetrance)
low <0.1%
n = 647 dogs · 1 variant tested · OMIA:001466-9615 · omia.org →
DNM1what this gene does

DNM1 is a gene that helps nerve cells communicate properly by managing how they send signals during muscle activity.

For your dog: If your dog belongs to one of the breeds known to carry this gene variant, it's worth discussing EIC with your vet, especially if your dog is very active or shows signs of weakness during exercise.

Ichthyosis (Discovered in the Golden Retriever)
Autosomal recessive
low <0.1%
n = 647 dogs · 1 variant tested · OMIA:001588-9615 · omia.org →
PNPLA1what this gene does

PNPLA1 is a gene involved in maintaining the skin's barrier by helping produce essential fats that keep the skin healthy and hydrated.

For your dog: If your dog is from a breed known to carry PNPLA1 variants and shows persistent dry, flaky skin, it's worth discussing with your vet to understand if genetics might be playing a role.

Source: Donner J et al. 2023. Genetic prevalence and clinical relevance of canine Mendelian disease variants in over one million dogs. PLOS Genetics 19(2):e1010651 · Evidence: Limited (DTC ascertainment, tag-SNP proxy) · Confounding MEDIUM · License CC-BY-4.0 · Phene IDs from OMIA (Sydney School of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney; DOI 10.25910/2AMR-PV70).
Sample size in this breed: 647 dogs from the Donner 2023 cohort.

Which Mendelian variants matter most for Weimaraners?

The Mendelian-disease table above lists variants screened in 647 Weimaraners (Donner 2023). Four matter most by carrier frequency and clinical consequence. Two of them were discovered in Weimaraners and remain breed-defining.

Craniomandibular Osteopathy (CMO)

Craniomandibular osteopathy in Weimaraners is an autosomal-dominant condition affecting bone development in the lower jaw and skull. Affected dogs develop bony growths on the mandible and temporal bones, often causing pain, difficulty eating, and restricted jaw opening. CMO typically emerges in puppyhood; some affected dogs improve or stabilize, while others remain severely affected (Padgett & Mostosky 1986, JAVMA 188:855-857). CMO was discovered in Weimaraners. 16.1% of Weimaraners in the Donner cohort carry at least one copy (n=28). That is a high frequency for a dominant trait with significant impact on quality of life.

Testing is available through major commercial DNA labs. The Orthopedic Foundation for Animals maintains a registry for CMO screening. Because the trait is dominant, a single copy confers risk; breeding stock should be screened before pairing.

Hyperuricosuria (HUU)

Hyperuricosuria in Weimaraners is an autosomal-recessive condition causing elevated uric acid in the urine and increased risk of urate bladder stones. 14.6% of Weimaraners in the Donner cohort carry one copy (n=647). The Donner S4 dataset found zero phenotype-confirmed cases among at-risk dogs tested, which suggests either incomplete penetrance or that affected dogs are rare in the current population.

Dogs with two copies are managed with a urate-lowering diet (low purine, alkalinizing) and urinary monitoring. Testing is available. Carriers are heterozygous for risk but typically unaffected.

Cone-Rod Dystrophy (cord1-PRA/crd4)

Cone-rod dystrophy in Weimaraners is an autosomal-recessive progressive retinal atrophy with incomplete penetrance. Cone-rod dystrophy causes progressive vision loss beginning with cone-mediated (daylight) vision and later affecting rod-mediated (night) vision. 6.7% of Weimaraners in the Donner cohort carry one copy (n=646). The incomplete penetrance means not every dog with two copies will show clinical signs.

Testing is available through commercial labs and through the Canine Eye Registration Foundation (CERF). Ophthalmologic screening (CERF exam) remains the gold standard for phenotypic confirmation.

Hypomyelination

Hypomyelination in Weimaraners is an autosomal-recessive neurological condition affecting myelin sheath formation. Affected puppies are born with tremors, incoordination, and developmental delay; severity ranges from subtle to profound. The condition was discovered in Weimaraners. Carrier frequency is 0.93% (n=647), so affected pups are rare but possible from carrier-by-carrier pairings.

Testing is available. Because symptoms manifest at birth or in very early puppyhood, prenatal or neonatal diagnosis via genetic testing of breeding stock is the control point.

How should I test my Weimaraner?

A breed-specific panel from a CLIA-accredited lab covering CMO, hyperuricosuria, cone-rod dystrophy, and hypomyelination is the high-yield starting point for breeding stock. If hypomyelination or CMO appears in the line, testing becomes mandatory; both are high-impact conditions discovered in the breed.

What should I feed a Weimaraner?

Feeding a Weimaraner well begins with acknowledging the breed’s role as a high-drive gun dog. Weimaraners were bred for all-day hunting, and their metabolism reflects that. A pet Weimaraner eating a maintenance kibble in a suburban yard is being fueled for a different job than the breed was designed to do.

The breed carries two specific genetic feeding concerns: the 14.6% hyperuricosuria carrier frequency (Donner 2023, n=647) affecting urinary urate handling, and the CMO variant at 16.1% carrier frequency (Donner 2023, n=28) which can complicate puppy growth demands.

Puppyhood matters more for this breed than most. Weimaraners are a large breed, and steady growth to adult weight (typically 55-90 lbs depending on sex) is the target. Large-breed puppy formulations with controlled calcium (0.8%-1.2% on a dry-matter basis) and a calcium-to-phosphorus ratio between 1.1:1 and 2:1 are essential (NRC 2006). Fast growth increases the load on developing bones and joints; CMO’s prevalence in the breed makes steady, moderate puppy growth the safer target. Resist the temptation to over-feed for fast size gain.

Adult feeding should match activity level. The breed’s historical function was sustained high-drive work. A Weimaraner doing regular field work or competitive sport needs higher calories and fat than a sedentary pet. The difference is real and measurable; a working Weimaraner underfueled on a maintenance formula risks poor condition and energy deficits, while an inactive Weimaraner on a performance formula risks weight gain and associated joint strain. Honesty about your dog’s actual daily energy expenditure prevents the most common Weimaraner feeding failure: gradual weight creep and metabolic stagnation.

For carriers of hyperuricosuria, early dietary intervention prevents stones. Dogs with two copies benefit from a diet lower in purines (organ meats, certain seafoods) and pH-neutral to slightly alkaline. Prescription urate-management diets exist (Hill’s u/d, Royal Canin Urinary S/O) if a dog is at risk or has formed stones. Testing breeding stock for HUU status allows informed decisions about whether affected offspring warrant prophylactic dietary management from puppyhood onward.

The breed does well on both grain-inclusive and grain-free formulations. Weimaraners have not appeared in FDA diet-associated DCM case reports (FDA 2019 DCM update); the cardiac signal reported in Goldens has not been observed in this breed. Choose a formula appropriate to your dog’s activity level, with adequate taurine and tracked caloric density, rather than getting caught in the grain-free debate.

What we don’t know

The penetrance of hyperuricosuria in Weimaraners is genuinely uncertain. Donner S4 found zero phenotype-confirmed cases among the at-risk dogs in their cohort, yet the variant is present at 14.6% carrier frequency. The honest summary is we do not yet know whether affected Weimaraners remain asymptomatic, whether stones form rarely, or whether the variant’s disease expression is genuinely incomplete in this breed’s genetic background.

The same uncertainty applies to exercise-induced collapse, which appears in the screening panel at <0.1% carrier frequency with zero phenotype-confirmed cases. The variant exists in the breed. Whether it causes clinical collapse in Weimaraners remains unknown.

Weimaraners are built for high activity, yet we lack breed-specific epidemiology on orthopedic failure rates (hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia, cruciate ligament rupture) or longitudinal data on how activity level modifies risk in this breed. Whether Weimaraners’ genetic relatives show meaningfully different dysplasia rates is not established in published breed-comparative data.

Frequently asked questions about Weimaraners

What is the most common genetic disease in Weimaraners? Craniomandibular osteopathy (CMO), a dominant bone-development disorder affecting the jaw and skull. 16.1% of tested Weimaraners carry at least one copy (Donner 2023, n=28). CMO was discovered in the breed and can cause pain and eating difficulty in affected puppies.

Should I do a DNA test on my Weimaraner? Yes, especially if breeding. A panel covering CMO, hyperuricosuria, cone-rod dystrophy, and hypomyelination is the standard. CMO is dominant, so a single copy warrants careful pairing decisions.

Can Weimaraners eat grain-free dog food? Yes. Weimaraners have not appeared in FDA diet-associated DCM reports (FDA 2019 DCM update); the cardiac signal seen in Goldens has not been documented in this breed. Choose based on activity level and ingredient quality rather than the grain-inclusion debate.

How long do Weimaraners live? The atlas-derived median lifespan for Weimaraners is 12.8 years. Individual dogs vary widely; breed-club records and longevity outliers are tracked on the breed’s atlas page.

What is the best diet for a Weimaraner? Match the diet to your dog’s activity level. A working Weimaraner needs higher calories and fat than a sedentary pet. Large-breed puppy formulations with controlled calcium are essential during growth. For carriers of hyperuricosuria (14.6% of the breed), a lower-purine, alkaline-leaning diet prevents urate stone formation.

Are Weimaraners prone to hip dysplasia? Breed-specific hip dysplasia rates are not well-characterized in published data. Breed-specific published data on Weimaraner dysplasia rates are limited; careful exercise modulation during puppyhood and adult joint monitoring are prudent given the breed’s activity demands.

What should I feed a Weimaraner puppy? A large-breed puppy formula with calcium controlled to 0.8%-1.2% (dry-matter basis) and a calcium-to-phosphorus ratio between 1.1:1 and 2:1 (NRC 2006). Steady, moderate growth is safer than fast size gain, especially given the breed’s 16.1% CMO carrier frequency.

Are Weimaraners good family dogs? Weimaraners are affectionate and bond tightly to their people, but they are high-drive hunting dogs built for all-day work. A pet Weimaraner needs consistent exercise and mental engagement; underexercised dogs develop frustration and destructive behaviors. They do well in active families and in homes where owners understand the breed’s work ethic.

A gift to human medicine

Weimaraners are a natural model for human disease

Because the same genes cause the same conditions across species, the inherited conditions documented in Weimaraners help researchers understand, and work toward treating, the human diseases they model. This is the dog advancing human medicine. The breed models the human disease; it does not have it, and this is not a prediction for your dog.

Human equivalents via OMIA → Mondo / OMIM. Model-of, not identity.
Documented in OMIA

Every condition recorded in the Weimaraner

Beyond the testable carriers above, OMIA's literature catalogue records 18 genetic conditions in the Weimaraner, 16 of which have a known human equivalent. This is the documented landscape across all Weimaraners ever studied, not a prediction for any one dog.

Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals (OMIA); Nicholas, Tammen & Sydney Informatics Hub, DOI 10.25910/2AMR-PV70
Documented in the breed's literature is not carrier status and not a forecast for an individual dog. Human equivalents are mapped via Mondo/OMIM. Carrier frequencies (above) are the separately-measured testable subset (Donner 2023).
The data behind this page

Where every number on this page came from.

This page draws on three primary data sources. Carrier frequencies for the Mendelian section come from Donner et al. 2023 (CC-BY-4.0). We grade these data at evidence Limited because the cohort is a direct-to-consumer ascertainment, which biases toward owners who chose to test their dogs. The panel also uses tag-SNP proxies for some variants rather than direct causal-variant assays. Limited is a study-design grade, not a quality grade: the Donner cohort is the largest open canine-genotype dataset in existence and we are grateful for it. We rate the confounding MEDIUM.

Population-genetic dimensions (heterozygosity, intra-breed PCA distance, nearest neighbors, trait-locus frequencies) come from CanVAS (Brundage 2026), harmonized through the Sniff Atlas. The exact release date and verification commit are pinned at the bottom of the page so a researcher can trace a number back to a specific snapshot. The disease-gene-variant graph comes from OMIA (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals; Nicholas, Tammen, and the Sydney Informatics Hub at the Sydney School of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney; retrieved April 2026, DOI 10.25910/2AMR-PV70).

What this page does not yet have. Inheritance modes and per-disease penetrance evidence from Donner 2023 are now in the structured data for every variant the panel covers. Mondo, OMIM, Ensembl, and HGNC cross-references on gene pages remain pending, they arrive in December 2026 alongside the imputed 9.67M-variant CanVAS dataset via the OMIA SQL dump absorption. Until then, gene IDs carry NCBI Gene and OMIA phene URLs only; the wider human-homolog and disease-ontology cross-reference set fills in with that release.

How to cite this page. The computed dimensions on this page are derived from the open Sniff Atlas v1.0.1 (Gehring 2026, doi:10.5281/zenodo.20566358, CC-BY 4.0). Full citation formats including BibTeX, RIS, and CITATION.cff at sniff.world/cite.

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References
  1. Donner J, Freyer J, Davison S, Anderson H, Blades M, Honkanen L, et al. (2023). Genetic prevalence and clinical relevance of canine Mendelian disease variants in over one million dogs. PLOS Genetics 19(2):e1010651. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1010651
  2. Brundage J, et al. (2026). CanVAS: a harmonized canine variant atlas. bioRxiv. doi:10.64898/2026.04.13.718238
  3. Nicholas, F.W., Tammen, I., & Sydney Informatics Hub. (2026). Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals (OMIA) [dataset]. The University of Sydney. https://omia.org. doi:10.25910/2AMR-PV70 (retrieved April 2026).
Last updated
Sources: CanVAS (Brundage 2026) · Donner 2023 · OMIA